The most popular operating system for the Raspberry Pi is a Debian based Raspbian.

It is officially supported by the Raspberry Pi Foundation.

Raspbian can be downloaded from official Raspberry Pi site in one of two variants:

• With desktop environment
• Lite- Minimal image

Starting September 2016 Raspbian is shipped with PIXEL desktop environment ("Pi Improved Xwindows Environment, Lightweight")

It is possible to create own Linux distribution using Yocto Project.

For Raspberry Pi- there is a specific layer meta-raspberrypi that needs to be used to create an image.

Windows 10 IoT Core is available only for Raspberry Pi 2 and 3. It is important to note that this is not a full version of windows as one might expect, it is designed specifically for IoT (Internet of Things) applications. It will not run most standard windows applications, and does not have a start menu. It boots to a page with some example code and videos, and has a command line interface.

OSMC is a free and open source media player based on Linux.

Linux distribution with features required to run Kodi.

A fully featured OS designed around penetration testing.

Download Link:

https://www.offensive-security.com/kali-linux-arm-images/

Requirements:

1. 8GB Class 10 SD Card Minimum
2. 16GB Class 10 SD Card Recommended

Default Login:

Username: root
Password: toor

Notes

1. Install gparted and expand partition to full size
2. Run apt-get install kali-linux-full to get all the standard tools available
3. Runs XFCE Desktop Environment