Consider the following component with one input myInput and an internal value called someInternalValue. Both of them are used in a component's template.

import {Component, Input} from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  template:`
  <div>
    <p>{{myInput}}</p>
    <p>{{someInternalValue}}</p>
  </div>
  `
})
class MyComponent {
  @Input() myInput: any;

  someInternalValue: any;

  // ...
}

By default, the changeDetection: property in the component decorator will be set to ChangeDetectionStrategy.Default; implicit in the example. In this situation, any changes to any of the values in the template will trigger a re-render of MyComponent. In other words, if I change myInput or someInternalValue angular 2 will exert energy and re-render the component.

Suppose, however, that we only want to re-render when the inputs change. Consider the following component with changeDetection: set to ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush

import {Component, ChangeDetectionStrategy, Input} from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush
  template:`
  <div>
    <p>{{myInput}}</p>
    <p>{{someInternalValue}}</p>
  </div>
  `
})
class MyComponent {
  @Input() myInput: any;

  someInternalValue: any;

  // ...
}

By setting changeDetection: to ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush, MyComponent will only re-render when its inputs change. In this case, myInput will need to receive a new value from its parent to trigger a re-render.