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Packaging and Distributing Projects

Remarks:

CPack is an external tool allowing the fast packaging of built CMake projects by gathering all the required data straight from the CMakeLists.txt files and the utilized installation commands like install_targets().

For CPack to properly work, the CMakeLists.txt must include files or targets to be installed using the install build target.

A minimal script could look like this:

# Required headers
cmake(3.0)

# Basic project setup
project(my-tool)

# Define a buildable target
add_executable(tool main.cpp)

# Provide installation instructions
install_targets(tool DESTINATION bin)

Creating a package for a built CMake project

To create a redistributable package (e.g. a ZIP archive or setup program), it's usually enough to simply invoke CPack using a syntax very similar to calling CMake:

cpack path/to/build/directory

Depending on the environment this will gather all required/installed files for the project and put them into a compressed archive or self-extracting installer.

Selecting a CPack Generator to be used

To create a package using a specific format, it is possible to pick the Generator to be used.

Similar to CMake this may be done using the -G argument:

cpack -G 7Z .

Using this command line would package the built project in the current directory using the 7-Zip archive format.

At the time of writing, CPack version 3.5 supports the following generators by default:

7Z 7-Zip file format (archive)
IFW Qt Installer Framework (executable)
NSIS Null Soft Installer (executable)
NSIS64 Null Soft Installer (64-bit, executable)
STGZ Self extracting Tar GZip compression (archive)
TBZ2 Tar BZip2 compression (archive)
TGZ Tar GZip compression (archive)
TXZ Tar XZ compression (archive)
TZ Tar Compress compression (archive)
WIX MSI file format via WiX tools (executable archive)
ZIP ZIP file format (archive)

If no explicit generator is provided, CPack will try to determine the best available depending on the actual environment. For example, it will prefer creating a self-extracting executable on Windows and only create a ZIP archive if no suitable toolset is found.

Syntax:

# Package a build directory
pack [PATH]
# Use a specific generator
cpack -G [GENERATOR] [PATH]
# Provide optional overrides
cpack -G [GENERATOR] -C [CONFIGURATION] -P [PACKAGE NAME] -R [PACKAGE VERSION] -B [PACKAGE DIRECTORY] --vendor [PACKAGE VENDOR]

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